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The President of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is the head of state of the People's Republic of China (PRC). On paper, the presidency is a largely ceremonial office with limited powers. However, in recent years the General Secretary of the Communist Party has also served simultaneously as President, and his election to the post marks his ascension as paramount leader of the country. The office is classified as an institution of the state rather than an administrative post.〔 It is listed as such in the current Constitution; it is thus equivalent to organs such as the State Council, rather than to offices such as that of the Premier.〕 The office was first established in the PRC Constitution of 1954 and successively held by Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi. Liu fell into political disgrace during the Cultural Revolution and the office was abolished. The office was officially scrapped under the Constitution of 1975, then reinstated in the Constitution of 1982, but with reduced powers. The official English-language translation of the title was "Chairman"; after 1982, this translation was changed to "President", although the Chinese title remains unchanged. Under the present Chinese constitution, the Presidency is a prestigious but largely ceremonial position holding few powers in its own right, most significantly the right to nominate the Premier. Most of the few powers the President does possess are subject to the approval of the National People's Congress, by whom the President is elected for up to two terms of five years each.〔(Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University ), EXECUTIVE: THE PRESIDENT OF THE CHINESE REPUBLIC.〕 However, since the presidency of Jiang Zemin, every President has also simultaneously held the positions of CPC General Secretary and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, which, unlike the Presidency, wield significant power. As a result of this convention, the President, the ''de jure'' head of state, also controls the Chinese Communist Party, state and military, therefore being China's ''de facto'' "paramount leader". That is to say, present-day paramount leaders hold the office of President, but the President is not necessarily the paramount leader, as was the case between 1959 and 1993. The current President is Xi Jinping, who took office on 14 March 2013. == Qualifications and election == According to the current Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the President must be a Chinese citizen with full electoral rights who has reached the age of 45. The President's term of office is the same as the term of the National People's Congress (currently five years), and the president and vice-president are both limited to two consecutive terms.〔(Constitution of the People's Republic of China ), Section 2, Article 79.〕 The President is elected by the National People's Congress (NPC), China's highest state body, which also has the power to remove the President and other state officers from office. Elections and removals are decided by a simple majority vote.〔(Constitution of the People's Republic of China ), Articles 62, 63.〕 According to the Organic Law of the NPC, the President is nominated by the NPC Presidium, the Congress's executive organ. In practice, however, the ruling Communist Party of China reserves the post of President for its current General Secretary. Like all officers of state elected by the NPC, the President is elected from a one name ballot. In the event that the office of President falls vacant, the Vice-President succeeds to the office. In the event that both offices fall vacant, the Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee temporarily acts as President until the NPC can elect a new President and Vice-President.〔(Constitution of the People's Republic of China ), Article 84.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「President of the People's Republic of China」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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